Climates

In Em we are studyng the different types of climates. Therefore, we had to make a summary with them and their characteristics. Here is my work:

Climate are the usual weather conditions in a particular place or region. According Wladimir Köppen's classification of world climates, they are divided in the following groups:

Group A: Tropical/Mega thermal climates
-Equatorial
-Tropical Continental 
-Monsoon 

Group B: Dry arid/semiarid climates
-Hot desert
-Cold climate 

Group E: Polar and alpine climates
-Tundra 

The Equatorial climate can be find in lowland areas (5-10 latitude of the equator). The average temperatures are 26ºC-28ºC. The annual precipitations are 2000 mm or can be even higher. It´s mostly found in Equatorial Rainforests, lot of plant especies than in other type of plant community can be found there. Winds are light and humidity is usually very high. 

The Savannah is located in Africa, Asia and northern South America. It has a wet

season and a dry season. During the wet season, temperatures vary from 85ºF to 120ºF and in the dry season the temperatures are around 70ºF. Rainfall is around 60mm during the wet season; in the dry season it rarely rains.

Both seasons last 5 to 6 months (Dry: usually May to October. Wet: December to March) Vegetation is sparse, only grass and some scattered trees grow in the savannah. If there was no dry season, trees would populate the savanna. The region receives just enough precipitation during the short wet season to preclude it from a semi-arid climate classification.


The Monsoon climate it is found along the coastal regions of southwest India, Sri Lanka,

Bangladesh, Myanmar, Southwestern Africa, French Guiana and northeast and southeastern Brazil. Temperatures are between 19ºC and 23ºC. During the dry season (Cold Dry: October to January. Hot Dry: February to May), precipitations vary from 60mm to 100mm, and in the wet season (June to September) cyclones, powerful tropical storms, can occur and have up to 2500mm. 


Most deserts are located between 20º and 35º north and south of the equator. During the day temperatures can reach 50°C, at night may fall below 0°C. The annual

precipitations are between 20mm-200mm. The Sahara is the largest desert, covering 9 million km2. 

The Hot Desert, is also known as an arid climate. This climate is typically found under the subtropical ridge where there is largely unbroken sunshine for the whole year due to the stable descending air and high pressure aloft. There are three factors which form desert areas:

1- The presence of high pressure, creating cloud-free conditions.
2- Cold ocean currents.
3- Mountain ranges to create rain shadows.


Cold Climate temperatures can vary from -47ºC to 0ºC. The minimal temperature is -87ºC (Antarctica) and the Maximal temperature is 25ºC (Tundra). The precipitation varies but it is mostly in form of snow. Vegetation in the polar area is scarce. In the Tundra, moss, lichens, grass, boreal forest conifer wood can be found. The polar regions are the coldest on earth, also called “eternal ice”.